The effect of a TRX training protocol on the jumping ability of amateur female volleyball players

Authors

  • Κωνσταντίνος Γκούντας Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης
  • Αθανάσιος Κασαμπαλής Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης
  • Ελένη Δούδα Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης
  • Σάββας Τοκμακίδης Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a TRX-training protocols on the jumping ability of amateur female volleyball players. 32 female volleyball athletes aged 18-32 years (M±SD=24.5±4.2 years) were divided into 2 groups, the experimental and the control groups experimental and one control group (N=16). The athletes of the experimental group participated in a TRX strength training protocol for 8 weeks, in combination with plyometric in the next 8 weeks, while the Control Group was executing only field volleyball training. At the end of 8 weeks, the experimental group participated in a training protocol with plyometric exercises for 8 weeks, followed by a 4-week detraining period. At baseline, after 8 weeks, 16 weeks and 20 weeks, measurements were performed in 6 jumping tests: squat jump, countermovement jump, countermovement jump with arm swing, drop jump, block jump and attack jump. After 8 weeks of intervention, significant improvements in performance were found in all jumping test for the experimental group (p <0.001), but not for the control group. After the plyometric training, the players improved their jumping performance further. Although the test values did not differ significantly from the previous measurement, they remained significantly higher compared to the beginning of the survey (p <.001). The jumping performance of the experimental group showed a small decrease (0.5% -1.1%) after 4 weeks of detraining, compared to the previous measurement, but it remained significantly higher in comparison to the initial values. The performance of the control group did not differ significantly among the measurements. In conclusion, TRX-training, combined with plyometric exercises, could provoke significant adaptation to the jumping ability of amateur female volleyball players. Therefore, TRX-exercises can be integrated into the training process, in the context of differentiation and variety of the training stimuli. In addition, the implementation of plyometric exercises in form of circuit training could bring further positive adaptations to the players’ jumping ability. Finally, the majority of the training adaptations can be maintained during the detraining period, as long as a maintenance training program with jumping exercises is executed.

References

Adams, K., O’Shea, J.P., O’Shea, K.L., & Climstein, M. (1992). The effect of six weeks of squat, plyometric and squat-plyometric training on power production. Journal of Applied Sport Science Research, 6(1), 36-41.

American College of Sports Medicine (2009). Position Stand: progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(3), 687-708.

Anderson, K. & Behm, D.G. (2004). Maintenance of EMG activity and loss of force output with instability. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18, 637-640.

Anderson, K. & Behm, D.G. (2005). The impact of instability resistance training on balance and stability. Sports Medicine, 35(1), 43-53.

Cowley, P.M., Swensen, T., & Sforzo, G.A. (2007). Efficacy of instability resistance training. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 28, 829-835.

Cronin, J.B., McNair P.J., & Marshall R.N. (2002). Is velocity-specific strength training important in improving functional performance? Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 42 (3), 267-273.

Danelly B.D., Otey, S.C., Croy, T., Harrison, B., Rynders, C.A., Hertel J.N., & Weltman A. (2011). The effectiveness of traditional and sling exercise strength training in women. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(2), 464-471.

Drinkwater, E., Pritchett, E., & Behm, D.G. (2007) Effect of instability and resistance on unintentional squat lifting kinetics. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2, 400-413.

Duthie, G.M., Young, W.B., & Aitken, D.A. (2002). The acute effects of heavy loads on jump squat performance: an evaluation of the complex and contrast methods of power development. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 16(4), 530-538.

Ebben, W.P. & Watts, P.B. (1998). A Review of Combined Weight Training and Plyometric Training modes: Complex training. Strength and Conditioning, 20 (5), 18-27.

Fathi, A., Hammami, R., Moran, J., Borji, R., Sahli, S. & Rebai, H. (2018). Effect of A 16 Week Combined Strength and Plyometric Training Program Followed by A Detraining Period on Athletic Performance in Pubertal Volleyball Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002461 [Epub ahead of print].

Fatouros, I.G., Jamurtas, A.Z., Leontsini, D., Taxildaris, K., Aggelousis, N., et al. (2000). Evaluation of plyometric exercise training, weight training, and their combination on vertical jumping performance and leg strength. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 14, 470-476.

Fleck, S.J. & Kraemer, WJ. (1997). Designing resistance training programs (2nd ed). Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics Books.

Fry, Α. (2004). The role of resistance exercise intensity on muscle fibre adaptations. Sports Medicine, 34 (10), 663-679.

Gabriel, D., Kamen, G., & Frost, G. (2006). Neural adaptations to resistive exercise. Sports Medicine, 36 (2), 133-149.

Gjinovci, B., Idrizovic, K., Uljevic, O., & Sekulic, D. (2017). Plyometric Training Improves Sprinting, Jumping and Throwing Capacities of High Level Female Volleyball Players Better Than Skill-Based Conditioning. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 16 (4), 527-535.

Häkkinen K., Alén M., & Komi, P.V. (1985). Changes in isometric force- and relaxation-time, electromyographic and muscle fibre characteristics of human skeletal muscle during strength training and detraining. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 125 (4), 573-585.

Harris, G.N., Stone, M.H., O' Bryant, H.S., Proulx, C.M., & Johnson, R.L. (2000). Short-Term Performance Effects of High Power, High Force, or Combined Weight-Training Methods. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 14 (1), 14-20.

Jones, P. & Lees A. (2003). A biomechanical analysis of the acute effects of complex training using lower limb exercises. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 17 (4), 694-700.

Kornecki, S. & Zschorlich, V. (1994) The nature of stabilizing functions of skeletal muscles. Journal of Biomechanics, 27, 215-225.

Kraemer, W.J. & Ratamess, N.A. (2004). Fundamentals of Resistance Training: Progression and Exercise Prescription. Medicine & Science in Sport and Exercise, 36 (4), 674-688.

Markovic, G. & Mikulic, P. (2010). Neuro-Muscoskeletal and performance adaptations to lower extremity plyometric training. Sports Μedicine, 40(10), 859-895.

Markovic, G., Jukic, I., Milanovic, D., & Metikos D. (2007). Effects of sprint and plyometric training on muscle function and athletic performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21, 543-549.

Marques, M.C. & González-Badillo, J.J. (2006). In-season resistance training and detraining in professional team handball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20 (3), 563-571.

Maté-Muñoz, J.L., Antón Monroy, A.J., Jiménez, P.J., & Garnacho-Castaño, M.V. (2014). Effects of Instability Versus Traditional Resistance Training on Strength, Power and Velocity in Untrained Men. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 13 (3), 460-468.

Mihalik J.P., Libby, J.J., Battaglini, C.L., & McMurray, R.G. (2008) Comparing short-term complex and compound training programs on vertical jump height and power output. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(1), 47-53.

Newton, R.U. & Kraemer, W.J. (1994). Developing Explosive Muscular Power: Implications for a Mixed Methods Training Strategy. Strength and Conditioning, 16 (5), 20-31.

Pedersen, J.L.S., Kirkesola, G., Magnussen, R., & Seiler, S. (2006). Sling exercise training improves balance, kicking velocity and torso stabilization strength in elite soccer players. Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise, 38, 243.

Pereira, A., Costa, A.M., Santos, P., Figueiredo, T., & João P.V. (2015). Training strategy of explosive strength in young female volleyball players. Medicina (Kaunas), 51(2), 126-131.

Prokopy, M.P., Ingersoll, C.D., Nordenschild, E., Katch, F.I., Gaesser, G.A., et al. (2008). Closed-kinetic chain upper-body trainings improves throwing performance of NCAA division I softball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(6), 1790-1798.

Singh, H., Kumar, S., Rathi, A., & Sherawat, A. (2015). Effects of Six-Week Plyometrics on Vertical Jumping Ability of Volleyball Players. Research Journal of Physical Education Sciences, 3(4), 1-4.

Sousa, A.C., Marinho, D.A., Gil, M.H., Izquierdo, M., Rodriguez-Rosell, D., et al. (2018). Concurrent training followed by detraining: does the resistance training intensity matter? Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32(3), 632-642.

Sparkes, R. & Behm, D.G. (2010). Training adaptations associated with an 8-week instability resistance training program with recreationally active individuals. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(7), 1931-1941.

Stojanović, E., Ristić, V., McMaster, D.T., & Milanović, Z. (2017). Effect of Plyometric Training on Vertical Jump Performance in Female Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine, 47 (5), 975-986.

Thorstensson, A. (1977). Observations on strength training and detraining. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 100(4), 491-493.

Toumi, H., Best, T.M., Martin, A., & Poumarat, G. (2004). Muscle plasticity after weight and combined (weight + jump) training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 36 (9), 1580-1588.

Verkhoshansky, Y. & Tatyan, V. (1973). Speed-strength preparation of future champions. Logkaya Atletika, 2, 2-13

Published

2023-11-22

How to Cite

Γκούντας Κ., Κασαμπαλής Α., Δούδα Ε., & Τοκμακίδης Σ. (2023). The effect of a TRX training protocol on the jumping ability of amateur female volleyball players. Exercise and Society, 1. Retrieved from http://83.212.133.37/ojs/index.php/ExSoc/article/view/406

Issue

Section

Team Sports Coaching