The effect of a combination of strength training on the development of vertical and standing long jump of female young volleyball players aged 11 to 13
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a combined program of lower limbs plyometrics (jumps with a progressively increasing degree of difficulty) and strength and stability of body and leg muscles, during 12 weeks, for the improvement of vertical jump [squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump(CMJ), drop jump (DJ)] and standing long jump (SLJ) to young female volleyball players aged 11-13, supposing that the intervention group will improve the jumping ability concerning the control group. The sample was from 61 female volleyball players (12.00±1 years old, weight 48.00±20 kgs. and height 1,59±11,5 cm) training background 1 year, who were divided in two groups [experimental group (E.G.) n=34 and control group (C.G.) n=27], about the same biological age (biological age was verified by measuring Tanner stages from parents). To measure vertical jumps an optic data collection system was used. This system allows the precise measurements of landing and on air times of follow–up jumps (1/1000 sec). Long jumps were assessed using tape measure. The intervention group participated in a plyometric exercises program (jumps with a progressively increasing difficulty degree) after a strength and stability program of body and legs, twice per week. This program ran in parallel with the volleyball training program (4 times per week). The control group attained only the volleyball training program (4 times per week). The program duration was 12 weeks and the sets of measurements were done before, during (after the first six weeks) and at the end of the intervention program. The analysis of variance with repeated measures statistically showed differences of significant importance between the participated groups. Athletes in the experimental group (E.G.) scored higher in all forms of jumps. To be more specific, a jump improvement (+2,28 cm) on countermovement jump (CMJ) was recorded, (+2,25) on squat jump (SJ), (+2,82 cm.)on drop jump (DJ) and (+6 cm.) on standing long jump (SLJ), concerning the control group (C.G.) that had less important improvements (CMJ +1.11 cm., SJ +0,91 cm., DJ+2,23 cm. and SLJ +4 cm).The present study confirms the current literature for the effectives of complex training, and in particular the strength and body stability, leg strength and lower limbs plyometrics, in order to improve vertical and long jump to young female volleyball athletes. The findings support that volleyball trainers should apply plyometric exercises in puberty in terms of training to improve the jumping ability in young female volleyball players.References
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