Achilles tendon ruptures

Abstract

The Achilles tendon is the attach tendon of the the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus(heel) bone. These muscles, acting via the tendon, cause plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle, and flexion at the knee. Is the biggest tendon in human body. The tendon rupture is a common sport injury happens commonly to middle aged sport participants during vigorous exercise with inappropriate warm up. Many times happen to younger athletes although they follow a regular and appropriate trainings sessions. Partial and full Achilles tendon ruptures are most likely to occur in sports requiring sudden eccentric stretching, such as sprinting. The area approximately two inches above the calcaneal attachment is most susceptible to these ruptures due to a zone of avascularity. Initial treatment of damage to the tendon is nonoperative or operative. Depending on the severity of the injury, recovery from an Achilles injury can take up to 12–16 months aiming to fully functional recovery.